EN 415-3:1999+A1:2009 Safety of packaging machines - Part 3: Form, fill and seal machines

包装机械安全 -  第三部分:  成型、填充、封口机

 

EN 415包装机械标准族：

EN 415 Safety of packaging machines; 包装设备的安全

Part 1: Terminology and classification of packaging machines and associated equipment; 包装机械及相关设备的术语和分类;

Part 2: Pre-formed rigid container packaging machines; 预制刚性容器包装设备

Part 4: Palletisers and depalletisers; 圆桶码垛机和托盘拆垛机

Part 5: Wrapping machines; 打包机

Part 6: Pallet wrapping machines;托盘打包机

Part 7: Group and secondary packaging machines; 组件和二次包装机械

Part 8: Strapping machines; 捆扎机

Part 9: Noise measurement methods for packaging machines, packaging lines and associated equipment, grade of accuracy 2 and 3. 包装机器，包装线和相关设备的噪声测量方法，精度等级2和3。

 

1 适用包装机范围

This European Standard establishes safety requirements for form, fill and seal packaging machines and the filling machines which are particularly associated with them. This group of machines is defined in detail in clause 3 of this standard, with diagrams illustrating examples of the principle of operation of each machine type. However briefly, this standard covers the following broad groups of machines: 本欧洲标准为与之相关的成型、灌装和密封包装机和灌装机建立了安全要求。这组机器在本标准的第3条中有详细的定义，并附有图解说明每种机器的工作原理。然而，简单地说，该标准涵盖了以下广泛的机器组:

-     horizontal form, fill and seal machines; 卧式成型、灌装、封口机;

-     vertical form, fill and seal machines; 立式成型、灌装、封口机;

-     pre-made bag erect fill and seal machines; 预制袋立填封口机;

-     mandrel flexible package or carton form, fill and seal machines; 心轴柔性包装或纸箱成型、灌装和封口机;

-     carton erect, fill and close machines; 纸箱立、装、封机;

-     thermoform, fill and seal machines. 热成型，填充和密封机器。

Filling machines commonly fitted to form, fill and seal machines including: 灌装机通常适用于成型、灌装和封口机，包括:

-auger fillers; 螺旋灌装机

-volumetric cup fillers; 体积杯灌装机;

-volumetric piston fillers;体积活塞式灌装机

-counters; 计数填装

-gravimetric fillers (weighers). 重量填料(秤)

 

2 General form, fill and seal machine hazards 成型、填充、封口机通常涉及到的危险

2.1 Drive Systems驱动系统

Form, fill and seal machines may incorporate mechanical, electrical, pneumatic or hydraulic mechanisms which  present  a  variety  of  different  hazards  including  crushing,  shearing,  cutting,  drawing-in  and entanglement.

成型、充填和密封机器可能包括机械、电气、气动或液压机构，呈现各种不同的危险，包括粉碎、剪切、切割、拉入和缠绕。

2.2 Handwheels手轮

Handles or spoked handwheels are sometimes provided to operate machines manually for adjustment or cleaning. These devices can present impact or entanglement hazards.

有时提供手柄或辐条手轮手动操作机器进行调整或清洗。这些设备可能会带来冲击或缠绕的危险。

2.3 Size changing尺寸变化

Typically, form, fill and seal machines are constructed to handle a range of product and pack sizes. Changes from size to size may be performed manually or automatically.

常，成型、填充和密封机器是用来处理一系列产品和包装尺寸的。大小之间的变化可以手动或自动执行。

Where change parts are involved excessive effort or strain hazards can arise if the weight of the parts is greater than 25 kg or their location on the machine is awkward.

在涉及更换部件的地方，如果部件的重量超过25公斤或它们在机器上的位置不合适，就会出现过度施力或应变危险。

Where size changing is automatic, shearing and crushing hazards are likely to be present.

在自动改变尺寸的地方，很可能存在剪切和破碎的危险。

2.4 Pneumatic and hydraulic equipment气压和液压设备

Pneumatic and hydraulic equipment presents crushing, shearing, ejection of parts, explosion and injection of fluids hazards. In addition hydraulic oil and pneumatic lubricating oil are a potential fire hazard and can contaminate agri-foodstuffs.

气动和液压设备呈现破碎，剪切，零件的弹出，爆炸和流体的喷射危害。此外，液压油和气动润滑油是一个潜在的火灾危险，可以污染农业食品。

2.5 Electrical equipment电气设备

Electrical equipment on the machine is a potential electric shock hazard and in the presence of certain materials a potential fire and explosion hazard. 机器上的电气设备有潜在的触电危险，在存在某些材料的情况下有潜在的火灾和爆炸危险。

2.6 Agri-foodstuffs and pharmaceuticals农产品、药品

On machines which are used to pack agri-foodstuffs and pharmaceuticals, contamination hazards can result if inappropriate contact materials or construction methods are used or lubricated compressed air is allowed to come into contact with the product.

在用于包装农产品和药品的机器上，如果使用不适当的接触材料或施工方法，或允许润滑压缩空气与产品接触，可能会导致污染危害。

2.7 Packaging materials and products包装材料

Form, fill and seal machines are used to pack a wide range of products in many types of packaging materials, some of which are potentially hazardous to persons operating or in the vicinity of the packaging machine. Hazards include

1. inhalation of harmful substances e.g. insecticides, aggressive or harmful chemicals, pharmaceuticals, fumes from over heated glue or packaging materials;

吸入有害物质，例如杀虫剂、腐蚀性或有害化学品、药物、过热的胶料或包装材料所产生的烟雾;

b)  fire or explosion e.g. flammable liquids, explosives, dusty products (dust explosions); 火灾或爆炸，例如易燃液体、炸药、尘埃产品(尘埃爆炸);

c)  biological hazard e.g. vaccines. 生物危害，例如疫苗。

2.8 Controlled atmosphere packaging气调包装CAP

Form, fill and seal machines may use special atmospheres during the packing process to produce packages with enhanced shelf lives. Gases used are typically oxygen, nitrogen, and carbon dioxide. These present the following hazards.

成型，填充和密封机器可以使用特殊的气氛在包装过程中生产包装与提高货架寿命。所使用的气体通常是氧气、氮气和二氧化碳。这些会带来以下危害

a)  oxygen - fire or explosion; ：氧气—着火或爆炸;

b) nitrogen - asphyxiation; 氮-窒息;

c)  carbon dioxide - asphyxiation and poisoning. 二氧化碳-窒息和中毒。

2.9 Sterilisation of packaging materials包装材料的灭菌

Form, fill and seal machines equipped for aseptic packaging, typically incorporate one or more systems to sterilise the packaging materials. Systems include:

用于无菌包装的成型、灌装和封口机，通常包括一个或多个系统来对包装材料进行消毒。系统包括:

1. Hydrogen peroxide bath - hydrogen peroxide is usually supplied to the machine in liquid form but it gives off a gas which presents an inhalation of harmful substances hazard;

双氧水浴——双氧水通常以液体形式提供给机器，但它释放出一种气体，呈现吸入有害物质的危险;

2. Ultraviolet lamps - ultraviolet lamps may be used either on their own or in conjunction with hydrogen peroxide. These lamps may present a radiation hazard;

紫外线灯-紫外线灯可以单独使用，也可以与过氧化氢一起使用。这些灯可能造成辐射危害;

c) Ionizing radiation - this presents a radiation hazard. 电离辐射-这是一种辐射危害。

2.10 Hazards due to neglection of ergonomic principles由于忽视人体工程学原理而造成的危害

Hazards can result if the design of work stations, control panels, materials loading points, change parts or maintenance points are in appropriately designed and result in:

如果工作站、控制面板、材料装载点、更换部件或维修点的设计适当，可能会导致危险，并导致:

a)  bad posture; 不良体态

b)  excessive effort; 过多的精力

c)  unnatural hand movements; 不自然的手部运动;

d)  unnatural arm movements; 不自然的手臂运动;

e)  mental stress. 精神紧张

2.11 Slip, trip and fall：滑倒，绊倒，跌倒

Trip accidents may occur if parts of the machine protrude beyond the machine frame at low level. Falls may occur if access for reel changing, size changing, maintenance or cleaning, is required at a level which cannot be reached, without climbing, from the floor. 如果机器的某些部件在较低的水平上伸出到机架之外，可能会发生跳闸事故。如果更换卷筒、改变尺寸、维护或清洁需要达到一个不需要从地板上爬起就无法达到的水平，可能会发生跌落。

 

3 常见的成型、填充、封口机示例

 

 

 

4 CE认证流程

5 相关技术文章

包装机械CE认证

 

6 客户案例：

上海郜盟近期完成weighpack包装机械CE认证现场测试与安全评估